Testis

Testicular cancer:

Any new painless lump in the testicles requires urgent evaluation using blood tests and an ultrasound. Further CT imaging or sperm banking may be necessary prior to surgery for suspected cancer (radical orchidectomy). Depending on the spread or the stage of the disease, further chemotherapy or radiotherapy options may be discussed.

Scrotal swelling

Lumps and bumps are common in the scrotum and usually harmless. They may become uncomfortable or large (cysts and hydrocoele), or impact fertility (varicocoele). A number of options are available to treat these conditions including excision, removing the fluid and injecting a chemical to stop the fluid coming back (drainage with sclerosant therapy) or ablation of the varicose veins in the scrotum (varicocoelectomy).